Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 6 Articles
The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on pregnancy outcome after intracytoplasmic sperm\ninjection (ICSI). The study analyzed pregnancy outcome of 349 women who underwent ICSI by their BMI: <25, 25ââ?¬â??<30, and\n?30 kg/m2.The associations were generated by applying logistic regression models. A significant reduction in positive pregnancy\noutcome was observed among overweight and obese women (odds ratio (OR) = 0.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.25ââ?¬â??0.99 for\noverweight women andOR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.20ââ?¬â??0.89 for obesewomen). These estimates showthat the pregnancy rates are reduced\nwith increasing BMI. The effect of obesity on pregnancy outcome was absent when three and more embryos were transferred. Our\nstudy contributes to the reports linking overweight and obesity with decreased positive pregnancy outcome after ICSI and suggests\nwomenââ?¬â?¢s age, infertility type, and number of embryos transferred to modify this reducing effect....
We explored the feasibility of distributingmisoprostol tablets using two strategies in prevention of postpartumhaemorrhage (PPH)\namong women residing in the Abhoynagar subdistrict of Bangladesh. We conducted a quasiexperimental study with a posttest\ndesign and nonequivalent comparison and intervention groups. Paramedics distributed threemisoprostol tablets, one deliverymat\n(Quaiyum�s delivery mat), a packet of five standardized sanitary pads, and one lidded plastic container with detailed counseling on\ntheir use.Allmaterials exceptmisoprostol were also providedwith counseling sessions to the control group participants. Postpartum\nblood loss was measured by paramedics using standardized method. This study has demonstrated community acceptability to\nmisoprostol tablets for the prevention of PPH that reduced overall volume of blood loss after childbirth. Likewise, the delivery\nmat and pad were found to be useful to mothers as tools for assessing the amount of blood loss after delivery and informing\ncare-seeking decisions. Further studies should be undertaken to explore whether government outreach health workers can be\ntrained to effectively distribute misoprostol tablets among rural women of Bangladesh. Such a study should explore and identify the\nprogrammatic requirements to integrate this within the existing reproductive health program of the Government of Bangladesh....
Menâ��s role in HIV prevention is pivotal to changing the course of the epidemic. Menâ��s barriers toward participation in Prevention\nof Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) have not been adequately documented. This study is therefore designed to determine\nmenâ��s level of awareness and barriers to their participation in PMTCT programmes inOsogbo,Nigeria. This study was a descriptive\nqualitative one that utilized Focus Group Discussion (FGD). One-hundred and sixty married men were selected by convenience\nsampling and interviewed. Data collected were analysed using content analysis technique. Demographic data were analysed using\nSPSS 15.0 software to generate frequency tables. Participants mean age was 31.9 �± 5.9 years. Many of the participants had heard\nabout PMTCT and the majority agreed that it is good to accompany their wife to Antenatal Care (ANC) but only few had ever\ndone so. Societal norms and cultural barriers were the leading identified barriers for male involvement in PMTCT programmes.\nThe majority of the participant perceived it was a good idea to accompany their wife to antenatal care but putting this into practice\nwas a problem due to societal norms and cultural barriers. Community sensitization programmes such as health education aimed\nat breaking cultural barriers should be instituted by government and nongovernmental agencies...
The assessment of oocytes showing only one pronucleus during assisted reproduction is associated with uncertainty. A compilation\nof data on the genetic constitution of different developmental stages shows that affected oocytes are able to develop into haploid,\ndiploid, and mosaic embryos with more or less complex chromosomal compositions. In the majority of cases (?80%), haploidy\nappears to be caused by gynogenesis, whereas parthenogenesis or androgenesis is less common. Most of the diploid embryos\nresult from a fertilization event involving asynchronous formation of the two pronuclei or pronuclear fusion at a very early stage.\nUniparental diploidy may sometimes occur if one pronucleus fails to develop and the other pronucleus already contains a diploid\ngenome or alternatively a haploid genome undergoes endoreduplication. In general, the chance of obtaining a biparental diploid\nembryo appears higher after conventional in vitro fertilization than after intracytoplasmic sperminjection. If a transfer of embryos\nobtained from monopronuclear oocytes is envisaged, it should be tried to culture them up to the blastocyst since most haploid\nembryos are not able to reach this stage. Comprehensive counselling...
Objective. To study the predictors for desire for multiple pregnancies and the influence of providing information regarding the\nmaternal and fetal complications associated with multiple pregnancies on their preference for multiple pregnancies. Methods.\nCouples attending an infertility clinic were offered to fill up a questionnaire separately. Following this, they were handed a pamphlet\nwith information regarding the risks associated withmultiple pregnancies.Thepatients will then be required to answer the question\non the number of pregnancies desired again. Results. Two hundred fifty three out of 300 respondents completed the questionnaires\nadequately. A higher proportion of respondents, 60.3% of females and 57.9% of males, prefer singleton pregnancy. Patients who\nare younger than 35 years, with preexisting knowledge of risks associated with multiple pregnancies and previous treatment for\ninfertility, have decreased desire for multiple pregnancies. However, for patients who are older than 35, with longer duration of\ninfertility, and those patients who have preexisting knowledge of the increased risk, providing further information regarding the\nrisks did not change their initial preferences. Conclusion. Providing and reinforcing knowledge on the risks to mother and fetus\nassociated with multiple pregnancies did not decrease the preference for multiple pregnancies in patients....
Background. Data on the incidence of Trichomonas vaginalis and use of hormonal contraception (HC) are limited. Methods.\n2,374 sexually active women aged 15ââ?¬â??49 years from cohort surveys in Rakai, Uganda, were included. Incidence of T. vaginalis\nwas estimated per 100 person years (py) and association between HC (DMPA, Norplant, and oral contraceptives) andT. vaginalis\ninfection was assessed by incidence rate ratios (IRR), using Poisson regression models. Results. At baseline, 34.9% had used HC\nin the last 12 months, 12.8% HIV+, 39.7% with high BV-scores (7ââ?¬â??10), and 3.1% syphilis positive. The 12-month incidence of T.\nvaginalis was 2.4/100 py; CI (1.90, 3.25).When stratified by type of HC used, compared to women who did not use HC or condoms,\nincidence of T. vaginalis was significantly higher among users of Norplant (adj.IRR = 3.01, CI: 1.07ââ?¬â??8.49) and significantly lower\namong DMPA users (adj.IRR = 0.55, CI: 0.30, 0.98) and women who discontinued HC use at follow-up (adj.IRR = 0.30, CI: 0.09,\n0.99). HIV infection was associated with an increase in incidence of T. vaginalis (adj.IRR = 2.34, CI: 1.44, 3.78). Conclusions. Use\nof Norplant and being HIV+ significantly increased the risk of T. vaginalis, while use of DMPA and discontinuation of overall HC\nuse were associated with a decreased incidence of T. vaginalis....
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